用Arduino做一个简单的红外接近传感器

第3步代码时间

以下是编写的Arduino程序，上传到Arduino中.

如果你想让距离听得见，还可以在这个项目中添加蜂鸣器。

// Simple Proximity Sensor using Infrared
// Description: 通过红外LED发过的光测量到障碍物的距离和读取红外线光电二极管的值。这个精确度不是很完美，但伟大的工作就是从小型的项目开始。
// Author: Ricardo Ouvina
// Date: 01/10/2012
// Version: 1.0
    
int IRpin = A0;               // IR photodiode on analog pin A0
int IRemitter = 2;            // IR emitter LED on digital pin 2
int ambientIR;                // variable to store the IR coming from the ambient
int obstacleIR;               // variable to store the IR coming from the object
int value[10];                // variable to store the IR values
int distance;                 // variable that will tell if there is an obstacle or not
    
void setup(){
  Serial.begin(9600);         // initializing Serial monitor
  pinMode(IRemitter,OUTPUT);  // IR emitter LED on digital pin 2
  digitalWrite(IRemitter,LOW);// setup IR LED as off
  pinMode(11,OUTPUT);         // buzzer in digital pin 11
}
    
void loop(){
  distance = readIR(5);       // calling the function that will read the distance and passing the "accuracy" to it
  Serial.println(distance);   // writing the read value on Serial monitor
  // buzzer();                // uncomment to activate the buzzer function
}
    
int readIR(int times){
  for(int x=0;x<times;x++){     
    digitalWrite(IRemitter,LOW);           // turning the IR LEDs off to read the IR coming from the ambient
    delay(1);                                             // minimum delay necessary to read values
    ambientIR = analogRead(IRpin);  // storing IR coming from the ambient
    digitalWrite(IRemitter,HIGH);          // turning the IR LEDs on to read the IR coming from the obstacle
    delay(1);                                             // minimum delay necessary to read values
    obstacleIR = analogRead(IRpin);  // storing IR coming from the obstacle
    value[x] = ambientIR-obstacleIR;   // calculating changes in IR values and storing it for future average
  }
     
  for(int x=0;x<times;x++){        // calculating the average based on the "accuracy"
    distance+=value[x];
  }
  return(distance/times);            // return the final value
}
    
    
//-- Function to sound a buzzer for audible measurements --//
void buzzer(){
  if (distance>1){
    if(distance>100){ // continuous sound if the obstacle is too close
      digitalWrite(11,HIGH);
    }
    else{  // beeps faster when an obstacle approaches
      digitalWrite(11,HIGH);
      delay(150-distance);  // adjust this value for your convenience
      digitalWrite(11,LOW);
      delay(150-distance);  // adjust this value for your convenience
    }
  }
  else{  // off if there is no obstacle
    digitalWrite(11,LOW);
  }
}

当然，你可以修改它以适应你自己的项目。例如，您可以让机器人从基于红外传感器上读到距离来改变方向或速度。只要是距离传感上的项目都可以试一哈。